Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukuthandwa nokushibhile kobuchwepheshe be-CNC kwenze amarutha e-CNC, ama-CNC lathes ngisho nezikhungo zemishini ze-axis ezi-5 ze-CNC, ezingacubungula kalula izinto zokwakha zibe imikhiqizo. Bamukelekile futhi bathweswe umthwalo ngabalandeli. Amarutha e-DIY CNC nazo ziyatholakala. Ngokuhamba kweminyaka, 3D Irutha ye-CNC isibe ngesinye sezihloko ezidumile kubalandeli. Nokho, muva nje, izindleko eziphansi ze 3D amaphrinta kanye nomthombo ovulekile wehadiwe nesofthiwe eyenziwe 3D amaphrinta isihloko esidumile.
3D Umzila we-CNC
I-CNC isifinyezo se-Computer Numerical Control, esisho imishini yokwenza imishini elawulwa ngekhompiyutha. Lobu buchwepheshe bungakwazi ukubona ukudluliswa kokucubungula idatha kumishini yokucubungula imishini ngekhompyutha. Ingakwazi ukwenza ukugaya, ukujika, ukugaya, ukubhoboza nezinye izinqubo zokucubungula ngokunemba okuphezulu. Ingakwazi futhi ukubona izinqubo eziningi zokucubungula kudivayisi eyodwa. Kunezinhlobo eziningi zemishini enjalo, futhi imisebenzi yazo ihlukile. Okuvame ukusetshenziswa izikhungo zemishini ye-CNC, amalathe e-CNC, namarutha e-CNC. Izinhlelo zabo zokulawula zingacubungula izinhlelo ezinamakhodi okulawula noma ezinye iziqondiso ezingokomfanekiso, futhi zizihumushe ngekhompyutha. Ikhodi, ukuze ithuluzi lomshini lenze izenzo ezinqunyiwe, futhi okungenalutho kucutshungulwa kumikhiqizo eqediwe noma izingxenye eziqediwe ngokusika ngomsiki.
Iningi labalandeli be-DIY banalo 3D Amarutha e-CNC, ngokuvamile anezimbazo ezi-2 kuya kwezi-5, futhi evame kakhulu irutha ye-CNC ye-eksisi engu-3, eyakhiwe ngokuyinhloko uhlaka, injini, izingxenye zomshini wokudlulisa, iphini lokuphotha, kanye nesistimu yokulawula. Isimiso esiyisisekelo sokusebenza sithi: uhlelo lokulawula luhumusha futhi lucubungule idatha futhi luyiguqule ibe isignali kagesi ukushayela injini. Injini ishayela izingxenye zomshini wokudlulisa, ukuze ithuluzi noma ucezu lomsebenzi osophikweni lukwazi ukuhamba ngendlela engu-X, Y, kanye no-Z. Ithuluzi elizungezayo elinesivinini esikhulu alikwenzi Impahla edingekayo yokusebenza inqanyuliwe (Bheka uMdwebo 1). Irutha ye-CNC ye-axis engu-3 ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa ukubhola, ukugaya nokusika izinto eziyinqwaba. Ithuluzi lokusika lingaba ithuluzi elivamile le-alloy noma i-laser. Kungashiwo ukuthi ubuchwepheshe be-CNC bendabuko buwubuchwepheshe bokukhipha, okuwukuthola umkhiqizo ophelile ngokukhipha izinto ezingenalutho kancane kancane.
Umfanekiso we-1
3D Iphrinta
Uma ubuchwepheshe bendabuko be-CNC buwubuchwepheshe bokukhipha, khona-ke 3D Iphrinta isebenzisa ngisho nobuchwepheshe bokwengeza. 3D ubuchwepheshe bokunyathelisa bokuqala baqala ekupheleni kwekhulu lama-1, futhi imishini ehlukahlukene yokunyathelisa ngokushesha eyakhiwa kamuva yayibiza kakhulu. Kuze kube muva nje, ubuchwepheshe be-CNC bube umthombo ovulekile, futhi isikhathi selungelo lobunikazi esisheshayo siphelelwe yisikhathi, ishibhile kwamanye amazwe. 3D amaphrinta aqhubeka nokuvela. I-Inspur nayo isiqalile ukushaya izwe, nokulula okuhlukahlukene 3D abaphrinta bangene emehlweni abashisekayo.
3D Iphrinta iwuhlobo lwemishini ye-prototyping esheshayo. Isimiso esiyisisekelo singathathwa njengenhlanganisela yendabuko ye-CNC nephrinta. Ubuchwepheshe be-CNC bokulawula izinombolo busetshenziselwa ukuguqula ifayela eliyimodeli libe ukugudluka kwendawo kohlaka, ukuze 3D umlomo wombhobho wokunyathelisa kungaba isibopho metal powdery noma plastic. Material, yakha izinto ngokuphrinta isendlalelo ngesendlalelo. Uma uphrinta ngephrinta ye-inkjet, amafayela edijithali adluliselwa kuphrinta. Ngemuva kokuthi iphrinta isitolike, ungqimba lukayinki lufafazwa ngaphezulu kwephepha ukuze kwakheke isithombe esingu-2-dimensional. Nini 3D ukuphrinta, isofthiwe iqedela uchungechunge lwezingcezu zedijithali ngobuchwepheshe bomklamo osizwa ngekhompiyutha (CAD) futhi idlulisele ulwazi lwalezi zingcezu ku- 3D iphrinta. I 3D iphrinta inqwabelanisa izendlalelo ezizacile ezilandelanayo ukuze zakhe into eqinile. Umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwe-a 3D Iphrinta kanye nephrinta yendabuko ukuthi "uyinki" ewusebenzisayo uyinto yangempela eluhlaza.
Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zezingqimba ezincane ezinqwabelene. Izindlela ezi-3 ezilandelayo zivamile.
1. "Inkjet" indlela: the 3D umlomo wombhobho wephrinta ukhipha ungqimba oluncane lwepulasitiki oluwuketshezi, bese lufakwa ngaphansi kwe-ultraviolet noma i-laser ukuze luqine, bese ithreyi lehla ibanga elincane kakhulu ukuze ungqimba olulandelayo lunqwabelene. Lokhu kugcinwa kustakiwe kuze kuqedwe (Bheka Umfanekiso 2).
Umfanekiso we-2
2. Indlela "yokubumba i-Fusion": Ayikho inqubo eyengeziwe yokwelapha edingekayo, ipulasitiki incibilika ngokuqondile ku-nozzle, ipulasitiki ikhishwa kusetshenziswa ukucindezela, ifakwe futhi ihlanganiswe, futhi ipholiswe futhi yakhiwe emoyeni (Bheka Umfanekiso 3) .
Umfanekiso we-3
3. Indlela ye- "Powder sintering": izinhlayiya zempushana zifuthwa kuthreyi ukuze zenze ungqimba oluncane lwempushana, bese i-liquid binder ifafazwa ukuze iqiniswe, noma ungqimba lwempushana luyancibilika, lufakwe futhi luqiniswe nge-laser, ukugeleza kwe-electron, ungqimba olulodwa luhlanganiswe. Lapho unyathelisa ngalezi zindlela, uma indaba ephrintiwe iqukethe izakhiwo eziyinkimbinkimbi ezifana nezimbobo nama-cantilever, ama-gel noma ezinye izinto ezidinga ukungezwa phakathi nenqubo yokunyathelisa ukunikeza ukusekela noma ukuthatha isikhala, futhi le ngxenye yesikhala idinga ukusulwa ngemva kokunyathelisa. Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zemidiya yokunyathelisa, okuhlanganisa amapulasitiki, izinsimbi, izitsha zobumba, amarabha, ukudla, ngisho nezitho zomzimba ezisebenzisa amangqamuzana omuntu.
Ukuqhathanisa
Kusukela ekuqhathaniseni izimiso zokusebenza, akunzima ukubona ukuthi kokubili kunezinzuzo kanye nokubi. Irutha ye-CNC ingacutshungulwa kumaphrofayili akhona noma emikhiqizweni eqedwe kancane. Izidingo zezinto aziphakeme. Izinto ezicutshungulwayo zitholakala kalula futhi zishibhile. Zingaba yinsimbi, ukhuni, itshe, ipulasitiki, njll., futhi zingaba zikhulu kakhulu ngosayizi. 3D amaphrinta adinga izinto ezisetshenziswayo zokuphrinta ezikhethekile, ezibizayo ukuphrinta futhi okunzima ukufeza osayizi abakhulu. I-router ye-CNC ilungele ukukhiqizwa komkhiqizo wezimboni, ukukhiqizwa kwesikhunta, ukukhiqizwa kwezandla, imboni yokukhangisa, ukukhiqizwa kwezingxenye ze-amateur, kanye 3D amaphrinta anqunyelwe ngezinto zokwakha, futhi imikhiqizo abayenzayo intekenteke uma kuqhathaniswa, njengemishini "yokubumba ehlanganisiwe", izinto ezisetshenziswayo ikakhulukazi amapulasitiki Umkhiqizo awukwazi ukuba lukhuni njengensimbi, futhi ngokuvamile ulungele ukukhiqizwa okwenziwe ngesandla, ukukhiqizwa komuntu siqu kwezandla, ukukhiqizwa kwesampula yomkhiqizo, ukubuyiselwa kwezinto zakudala zasendulo, njll. 3D iphrinta ayifuni. Izinto eziphrintiwe zingashiwo ukuthi ziphuma esibhakabhakeni, ezithandwa kakhulu ngabaklami. Ngokwesakhiwo, awukho umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwalokhu okubili. Wonke asetshenziswa esakhiweni sefreyimu esakhiwe ngezimbazo ezingu-3 u-X, Y, no-Z. Umehluko omkhulu ukuthi irutha ye-CNC isebenzisa i-spindle kanye nethuluzi lokugaya impahla. 3D amaphrinta asebenzisa imibhobho ukuze aqongelele izinto.
