Isingeniso
Wonke umuntu uyazi ukuthi ukuze ube umenzi oqeqeshiwe noma i-DIYer, usebenzisa i i-laser cutter kuyisifundo esidingekayo ukuze ungene, kodwa kungase kube nezinkinga eziningi. Uma ukwazi ukuzakhela ngokwakho, ingabe inkinga izoxazululeka kalula?
Iphrojekthi engifuna ukwabelana ngayo ingumshini wokusika we-laser owenziwe ngonyaka odlule. Ngikholwa ukuthi wonke umuntu ujwayelene ne-laser cutter (Eyaziwa nangokuthi a umqophi we-laser ngesizathu sokuthi ingenza imisebenzi eqoshwe nge-laser), futhi iphinde ibe yi-artifact yabakhi ukwenza amaphrojekthi. Izinzuzo zayo ezifana nokucutshungulwa okusheshayo, ukusetshenziswa kahle kwamapuleti, kanye nokugcwaliseka kobuchwepheshe bokusika izinqubo zendabuko ezingenakufezwa zithandwa kakhulu yiwo wonke umuntu.
Ngokuvamile uma usebenzisa umshini we-CNC ekusebenzeni, kunezinkinga ezilandelayo uma kuqhathaniswa nokusika kwe-laser, idinga ukufaka nokushintsha ithuluzi ngaphambi kokusebenza, ukulungiselelwa kwamathuluzi, umsindo omkhulu, isikhathi eside sokucubungula, ukungcoliswa kothuli, i-radius yamathuluzi nezinye izinkinga. Ukuphakama kokusika kuholele emcabangweni wokwenza umshini wokusika i-laser uwedwa.
Ngemva kokuba nalo mbono, ngaqala ukwenza ucwaningo lokungenzeka ngalo mbono. Ngemva kocwaningo oluningi kanye nokuqhathaniswa kwezinhlobo ezihlukahlukene zemishini yokusika i-laser, ehlanganiswe nezimo zayo kanye nezidingo zokucubungula, ngemva kokukala ubuhle nobubi, ngenze uhlelo lokwakha lwesinyathelo nesinyathelo ngokuklama nokwenziwa kwemodular, okungahlukaniseki futhi okungathuthukiswa.
Ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingama-60, ingxenye ngayinye yomshini ithatha idizayini eyi-modular. Ngomqondo we-modularization, ukucubungula nokukhiqiza kulula, futhi umhlangano wokugcina wanele, futhi ukucindezela kwezezimali ngeke kube kukhulu kakhulu, futhi izingxenye ezidingekayo zingathengwa isinyathelo ngesinyathelo. Usayizi womshini oqediwe ufinyelela ku-1960mm*1200mm* 1210mm, i-process stroke yi-1260mm*760mm, kanye namandla okusika 100W. Ingakwazi ukucubungula izingxenye eziningi ngesikhathi esisodwa, futhi inemisebenzi yokusika nge-laser, ukuqopha, ukuskena, ukubhala nokumaka.
Ukuhlelwa Kwephrojekthi
Ukukhiqizwa kwephrojekthi yonke kuhilela izingxenye eziyisi-7 ezinkulu, okuyilezi: uhlelo lokulawula ukunyakaza, ukuklama kwesakhiwo semishini, uhlelo lokulawula ishubhu le-laser, uhlelo lokuqondisa ukukhanya, uhlelo lokuvunguza komoya kanye ne-exhaust system, uhlelo lokugxila kokukhanyisa, ukwenziwa kahle komsebenzi nezinye izici.
Umqondo ojwayelekile wokwenza owokuqala uthi:
1. Ukushaywa komshini wokusika i-laser okhiqizwayo kufanele kube kukhulu ukugcwalisa igebe uhla lokucubungula lwe Umshini we-CNC ayinkulu ngokwanele, engasindisa inkathazo yokusika ngaphambilini ishidi. Ungasebenzisa futhi umsebenzi wayo wokubhala nge-laser ukuze ubhale ngokuqondile amapuleti amakhulu, okuxazulula inkinga yokubhala ngesandla.
2. Ngenxa yokuthi i-stroke iyanda, amandla we-laser cutter awakwazi ukuba phansi kakhulu, ngaphandle kwalokho, i-laser izoba nokulahlekelwa okuthile ekuqhubeni komoya, ngakho-ke amandla aphelele awakwazi ukuba ngaphansi 100W.
3. Ukuze uqinisekise ukunemba nokusebenza kahle komsiki we-laser, ukukhethwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo kufanele kube yinsimbi yonke.
4. Kulula ukuyisebenzisa nokusebenza.
5. Isakhiwo esiklanyelwe singahlangabezana nohlelo lokuthuthukiswa kokulandelela.
Ibhodi Yokulawula
I-DIY Laser Cutter
Ngohlaka olujwayelekile lombono we-DIY nohlelo, ake siqale izinyathelo eziyisi-8 zokwakha umsiki we-laser. Ngizonaba ngenqubo ethile yokwenza kanye nemininingwane ehilelekile.
Isinyathelo 1. Idizayini Yesistimu Yokulawula Ukunyakaza
Isinyathelo sokuqala uhlelo lokulawula ukunyakaza. Ngisebenzisa i-laser motherboard ye-RDC1S-B (EC). Le bhodi yomama elawulayo ingakwazi ukulawula izimbazo ezingu-6442, okuyi-X, Y, Z, ne-U. I-motherboard iza nesikrini sokubonisa esisebenzisanayo. Isimo sokusebenza somshini, ukugcinwa kwamafayela okucubungula, kanye nokulungisa iphutha lomshini kungaqedwa ngesikrini sokusebenza, kodwa into eyodwa okumele uyiqaphele ukuthi imingcele yokulawula imoto ye-axis ye-XYZ idinga ukuxhunywa kwikhompyutha ukuze kulungiswe ipharamitha.
Isibonelo: ukusheshisa nokunciphisa umthwalo ongekho, ukusheshisa ukusika nokunciphisa, isivinini sokungalayishi, ukulungiswa kwephutha lesimo semoto, ukukhetha uhlobo lwe-laser. Isistimu yokulawula inikwa amandla yi 24V DC, edinga a 24V ukushintsha ukunikezwa kwamandla. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuzinza kohlelo, 2 24V izinto zokushintsha amandla zisetshenziswa, eyodwa 24V2A ihlinzeka ngokuqondile i-motherboard, kanye nokunye 24V15A inikeza amandla kumamotho ama-3, kuyilapho i 220V i-input terminal ixhunywe ne-a 30A isihlungi ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuzinzile kwesistimu.
Lawula Ukuhlolwa Kwesistimu
Ngemuva kokuthi amapharamitha asethiwe, ungaxhuma injini yokuhlola idling. Kulesi sigaba, ungaqinisekisa ulayini wokuxhuma kwemoto, isiqondiso semoto, isiqondiso sokusebenza kwesikrini, izilungiselelo zokuhlukaniswa kwe-stepper motor, ukungenisa amafayela okusika ukuze kusetshenziswe isilingo. I-motor engiyikhethile iyi-2-phase 57 stepper motor enobude obungu-57mm, ngoba kwakusele okungu-3 kuphela kuphrojekthi yangaphambilini, ngakho ngayisebenzisa ngokuqondile ngombono wokungayichithi. Umshayeli engimkhethile TB6600, okuyi-motor ye-stepper evamile. Kumshayeli wemoto, ukuhlukaniswa kusethelwe ku-64.
Uma ufuna uhlelo lokusika i-laser lube nokusebenza okungcono kakhulu kwejubane eliphezulu, ungakhetha i-motor yesigaba esi-3, ene-torque enkulu nokusebenza okuhle kakhulu kwesivinini esikhulu. Yiqiniso, ngemva kokuhlolwa okwalandela, kwatholakala ukuthi i-2-isigaba 57 stepper motor ikwazi ngokugcwele ukunyakaza ngesivinini esiphezulu se-X-axis lapho ithwebula izithombe nge-laser, ngakho-ke ngizoyisebenzisa okwamanje, futhi esikhundleni se-motor uma idinga ukuthuthukiswa kamuva.
Mayelana nesistimu yokuvikela ukuphepha, isakhiwo sesekhethi iyonke kufanele ihlukaniswe ku-voltage ephezulu kanye ne-low voltage. Lapho ufaka izintambo, kubalulekile ukunaka ukuthi ungabi nama-crossovers. Iphuzu elibaluleke kakhulu ukuthi kufanele libekwe phansi. Ngoba lapho amandla kagesi aphezulu edlula, ifreyimu yensimbi negobolondo kuzokhiqiza ugesi owenziwe, futhi lapho isandla sikuthinta, kuzoba nomuzwa wokuba ndikindiki. Ngalesi sikhathi, kufanele sinake ukubeka phansi ngokuphumelelayo, futhi ukumelana okungcono kakhulu kwesisekelo akukho ngaphezu kwama-ohms angu-4 (isidingo sokuhlola ucingo oluphansi ), ukuvimbela izingozi zokushaqeka kagesi, ngaphezu kwalokho, umshini oyinhloko wamandla nawo udinga ukwengeza inkinobho yokuvikela ukuvuza.
Khawulela Ukushintsha
Iphaneli yokusebenza nayo idinga ukufaka iswishi yokumisa izimo eziphuthumayo, iswishi yamandla enokhiye, X, Y, Z, ukushintsha komkhawulo weeksisi ku-eksisi ngayinye enyakazayo, iswishi ehlala njalo yokuvikela amanzi eshubhu le-laser, iswishi yokumisa izimo eziphuthumayo yokuvikela ukuvulwa kwekhava ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuphepha komshini wokusika i-laser.
Isakhiwo Sesekhethi
Ukuze kube lula ukunakekelwa okulandelayo, itheminali ngayinye ingalebula ngendlela efanele.
Isinyathelo 2. Idizayini Yemishini
Isinyathelo sesibili ukuklama kwesakhiwo semishini. Lesi sinyathelo sigxile kuwo wonke umshini wokusika we-laser. Ukunemba komshini nokusebenza komshini kudinga ukubonwa ngesakhiwo esinengqondo somshini. Ekuqaleni komklamo, inkinga yokuqala okubhekenwe nayo ukunquma uhambo lokucubungula, futhi ukwakhiwa kohambo lokucubungula kudinga umbono wokuqala oyisiqondiso. Idinga ububanzi bokucubungula?
I-Mechanical Design
Ubukhulu bebhodi lezinkuni buyi-1220mm* 2400mm. Ukuze unciphise inani lamabhodi okusika, ububanzi bebhodi lezinkuni buyi-1200mm njengobubanzi bokucubungula ubude, nobubanzi bokucubungula kufanele bube bukhulu kuno-600mm, ngakho-ke ngibeka ububanzi cishe ku-700mm, nobude nobubanzi 60mm ubude bokubopha noma ukubeka. Ngale ndlela, ububanzi bokucubungula obusebenzayo bungaqinisekiswa ukuthi bungu-1200mm* 700mm. Ngokusho kokulinganisa okuvamile kobubanzi bohambo lokucubungula, usayizi ophelele useduze namamitha angu-2, ongadluli umkhawulo ophezulu wamamitha angu-2 wokulethwa okucacile, okuhlangabezana nezidingo.
Izesekeli Zezintambo
Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuthenga izesekeli zehadiwe, ikhanda le-laser, i-anti eyodwa, i-2 anti, i-synchronous pulley nokunye. Ngikhethe izinga laseYurophu 4040 iphrofayili ewugqinsi ye-aluminium yohlaka oluyinhloko, ngoba ukunemba kokufakwa kwe-axis ye-XY kunquma ukunemba kokucubungula kwesikhathi esizayo, futhi izinto zokwakha kufanele ziqine. Ingxenye ye-X-axis yekhanda le-laser yenziwe ngayo 6040 iphrofayili ye-aluminium ewugqinsi, futhi ububanzi bubanzi kune- 4040 ye-Y-axis, ngoba lapho ikhanda le-laser lisendaweni ephakathi, iphrofayili ye-aluminium izokhubaza uma amandla enganele.
Izesekeli Zezintambo
I-XY Axis Structure Design
Ngaphambi kokuklama ukwakheka kwe-axis ye-XY, linganisa i-1st bese udweba izesekeli zehadiwe nezingxenye ezahlukahlukene, bese wenza ukwakheka kwesakhiwo ngesoftware ye-AutoCAD.
I-XY Axis Structure Design
Ukudluliswa kwe-X-axis kuncishiswa yi-motor stepping ngokusebenzisa i-synchronous pulley kanye nokuphuma ebhandeni le-synchronous, futhi ukuphela okuvulekile kwebhande le-synchronous kuxhunywe ekhanda le-laser. Ukuzungezisa kwe-X-axis stepping motor kushayela ibhande le-synchronous ukuhambisa ikhanda le-laser eceleni; ukudluliswa kwe-Y-eksisi ngokuqhathaniswa Kuyinkimbinkimbi kancane. Ukwenza izilayidi zomugqa wesokunxele nesokudla zinyakaze ngokuhambisanayo ngenjini eyodwa, amamojula alayini angu-2 adinga ukuxhunywa ngokuhambisana ne-eksisi yokubona, bese i-axis ebonakalayo ishayelwa isitebhisi esinyathelayo ukushayela izilayidi ezi-2 ngesikhathi esisodwa, ukuze ukuhambisa i-eksisi ye-Y. I-X-eksisi ingahlala isendaweni evundlile.
Ukucutshungulwa kwezingxenye & Ukuhlanganisa
Ngemva kokuqeda umklamo, isinyathelo esilandelayo ukucubungula nokuhlanganisa izingxenye, ukucubungula i-X-axis spacer, 3D phrinta ibakaki le-eksisi ye-Y-axis optical, hlanganisa ifreyimu yephrofayela ye-aluminium, faka umhlahlandlela womugqa, njll. Ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu futhi eyisicefe ukulungiswa kokunemba. Le nqubo idinga ukulungisa iphutha okuphindaphindiwe futhi idinga isineke.
I-Y Axis Ixhunywe Ku-Optical Axis
1. I-axis ye-optical igxilwe ngama-couplings angu-2 kanye nabakaki be-axis optical.
2. Sika i-X-axis backing plate ukuze uxhume iphrofayela ye-aluminium ye-X-axis namamojula angu-2 omugqa we-Y-eksisi.
3. Ngesikhathi sokufakwa kohlaka lwephrofayili ye-axis ye-aluminium ye-XY, ukuma nokuhambisana kwefreyimu kufanele kuqinisekiswe phakathi nale nqubo, ngakho-ke izilinganiso eziphindaphindiwe ziyadingeka phakathi nenqubo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ubukhulu obunembile. Lapho ufaka imihlahlandlela emi-2 yomugqa ku-Y-eksisi, qiniseka ukuthi iziqondiso ziyafana nephrofayili ye-aluminium, futhi ulinganise ngenkomba yokudayela ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ukufana kungaphakathi. 0.05mm.
Faka i-X-Axis Laser Head, Linear Guide, Tank Drag Chain kanye ne-Stepper Motor
4. Uma ufaka ujantshi we-linear guide, kuyadingeka ukuthi uqinisekise ukuthi umzila wesitimela uhambisana nephrofayili ye-aluminium. Umzila wesitimela wesigaba ngasinye udinga ukukalwa ngenkomba yokudayela ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ukufana kungaphakathi 0.05mm, okubeka isisekelo esihle sokufakwa okulandelayo.
Lungisa I-X-Axis Position
5. Ukuze ufake ibhande le-synchronous Y-axis, okokuqala qinisekisa ukuthi i-X-eksisi isesimweni esivundlile, futhi usebenzise inkomba yokudayela ukumaka imitha. Ngemuva kokulinganisa, kutholakala ukuthi iphrofayili ye-aluminium ngokwayo ine-curvature cishe 0.05mm, ngakho ukunemba okuvundlile kufanele kulawulwe phakathi kuka-0.1mm (okungcono Izinkomba zokudayela ezi-2 zisethwe kabusha ukuze zibe uziro), futhi indawo yezilayidi ezi-2 kanye ne-X-eksisi ihlanganiswe nesiqeshana.
Faka amabhande esikhathi ezinhlangothini zombili
6. Dlulisa ibhande lesikhathi nhlangothi zombili bese ulungisa ibhande lesikhathi kwesokunxele. Bese usetha kabusha inkomba yokudayela othintana naye kwesokunxele ibe uziro, kala iphutha elivundlile ngakolunye uhlangothi, lungisa iphutha elivundlile libe phakathi kuka-0.1mm, bese uyilungisa ngesiqeshana. Bese ulungisa ibhande elilungile le-synchronous. Ngalesi sikhathi, ngenxa yokusebenza kokufakwa ngakwesokudla, iphutha elivundlile lizokhula nakanjani. Bese uhambisa inkomba yokudayela ohlangothini lwesobunxele futhi uye kuziro, bese ukhulula ukuhlanganisa kwesokudla ukuze uhambise i-eksisi engu-X. Shelelezisa isilayidi, lungisa iphutha elivundlile libe phakathi kuka-0.1mm, futhi ulungise ukuhlangana kwe-torque nesiqeshana.
7. Manje usungakwazi ukukhulula ama-clamp nhlangothi zombili, uhlole ukuthi i-axis engu-X isendaweni evundlile yini lapho i-eksisi ye-Y ihamba, sonta isondo lokuvumelanisa le-eksisi engu-Y, bese uphinda inqubo yokulinganisa yangaphambilini. Uma kutholakala ukuthi i-X-axis iphumile ekuvumelaniseni, kungenzeka ukuthi ukuqina kwebhande elihambisanayo kuhlukile ezinhlangothini zombili noma ukunemba kwesakhiwo ngasinye akuzange kulungiswe kahle, ngakho-ke udinga ukubuyela esigabeni sangaphambilini futhi usilungise futhi. Uma nje ukuqina kwebhande le-synchronous kulungiswa, i-X-eksisi kufanele iphinde ilungiswe kuze kube yilapho i-Y-eksisi isuswa, futhi i-X-eksisi ihlezi ingaphakathi kwebanga lephutha elivundlile elingu-0.1mm. Khumbula ukubekezela kulesi sigaba.
Lungisa I-XY Axis Frame
8. Hlola ukuthi ukuqina kwamabhande esikhathi kuzo zombili izinhlangothi kuyahambisana yini, futhi kuhle ukucindezela phansi ngobumnene ekujuleni kuka-1-2cm, ukuze ukujula ezinhlangothini zombili kuhambisane.
9. Faka i-stepper motor. Lapho ufaka injini, udinga ukunaka ukulungisa ukuqina kwayo. Uma ibhande le-synchronous likhululekile kakhulu, lizobangela ukuhlehla kokunyakaza, futhi uma liqinile, ibhande le-synchronous lizoqhekeka.
Faka i-Y-Axis Stepper Motor
Hlola Ukuzinza Kwe-Mechanical Mechanism
Xhuma isistimu yokulawula ukuze uhlole ukuqina kwesakhiwo somshini, xhuma ikhompuyutha ukuze ulungise amapharamitha emoto, ulinganise ukuchezuka phakathi kwegrafu edwetshiwe nosayizi wokuklama, lungisa inani lokushaya kwe-stepper motor ngokuya ngokuchezuka kwebanga langempela, futhi uhlole ukuthi likhona yini igebe lokubuyela emuva emshinini. Ukuthi i-stroke ngayinye ihambisana yini nokuthi amaphoyinti okuhlangana axhunyiwe. Umdwebo ophindaphindiwe uyenziwa, futhi ukunemba kokumisa okuphindaphindiwe kutholwa ngokudweba okuphindaphindiwe. Yebo, ukunemba kokuma okuphindaphindiwe komshini kungatholwa kusetshenziswa inkomba yokudayela engaguquki kanye nemitha.
Xhuma Isistimu Yokulawula Ukuze Uhlole
Ngemva kokuphinda umdwebo izikhathi ezingu-3, ungabona ukuthi yonke imivimbo iyindawo engenazo izipoki, okubonisa ukuthi ukuthutha KULUNGILE. Njengamanje, i-axis ye-XY isivele idweba ihluzo. Uma umsebenzi wokuphakamisa ipeni ungeziwe, ungaba i-plotter yezinga elikhulu. Yiqiniso, inhloso yangempela ukwenza umshini wokusika i-laser, ngakho-ke kudingeka siqhubeke nokusebenza kanzima.
Ngemuva kokuthi i-eksisi ye-XY isiqediwe, isinyathelo esilandelayo ukwenza i-eksisi ye-Z. Ngaphambi kokwenza i-axis ye-Z, sidinga ukwenza 3D ukumodela nokuklama uhlaka lulonke. Ngenxa yokuthi i-axis ye-Z ixhunywe nesiteji sokusika futhi igxilwe kumojula yefreyimu, kufanele yakhelwe futhi yenziwe ndawonye. I-axis ye-Z ibona imisebenzi ekhuphukayo newayo, bese imojuli ye-XY axis ibekwe kuyo ngokuqondile, futhi inhlanganisela ingabona umsebenzi we-XYZ axis.
Dizayina I-Z-Axis Lift Platform
Usebenzisa imodeli ye-Solidworks, klama uhlaka lulonke kanye nesakhiwo se-axis engu-Z setafula lokusika le-laser. Ngokusebenzisa i- 3D umbono, izinkinga zesakhiwo zingatholakala ngokushesha futhi zilungiswe ngokushesha.
Isakhiwo Seplatifomu Esinyakazayo
Ngohlaka kanye nesakhiwo endaweni, isiteji esinyakazayo esingaphansi komshini singenziwa. Wonke umshini wokusika i-laser ubekwe endaweni yesikhulumi. Umshini mkhulu uma kuqhathaniswa. Akunangqondo ukwakha ithebula lokusika i-laser bese ulihambisa phezulu. Inqubo izophinde ithinte ukunemba komshini, ngakho-ke ingakhiwa kuphela endaweni yesikhulumi seselula esingaphansi.
1. Manje qala ukwakha iplatifomu enyakazayo ngezansi, 1st thenga insimbi eyisikwele engu-5050 ejiyile yokwenza uhlaka.
2. Insimbi yesikwele ishiselwa ngayinye ngayinye, futhi inamandla kakhulu ngemva kokuqedwa, futhi ayikho inkinga ngomuntu wonke ohlezi kuyo.
3. Weld 4 rollers ohlakeni bese ushiya igebe 600mm ohlangothini lwesobunxele. Inhloso eyinhloko ukugcina indawo yamanzi okushisa angashintshi kanye nepompo yomoya. Manje njengoba ifreyimu yesikhulumi seselula seyenziwe nge-welded, kuyadingeka ukufaka ungqimba lwezinkuni phezulu nangaphansi.
4. Yakha uhlaka lomshini futhi uthenge amaphrofayili e-aluminium ku-inthanethi. Imodeli i 4040 amaphrofayili e-aluminium ajwayelekile kazwelonke. Isizathu esiyinhloko sokusebenzisa le phrofayili ye-aluminium ejwayelekile kazwelonke ukuthi ilula kakhulu ngesisindo, kulula ukuyiphatha ngemva kokufakwa, inamandla amahle, futhi amakhona ayindilinga azungezile mancane kakhulu ukuze kube lula ukuklama nokufakwa kwamapaneli ensimbi alandelayo.
Ukwakha uhlaka lomshini egumbini lokuhlala, likhulu kakhulu ukuthi lingalingana.
Hlanganisa i-XY Axis Nohlaka Lomshini
5. Hlanganisa i-eksisi ye-XY kanye nohlaka lomshini, beka ifremu eqediwe endaweni yesikhulumi seselula, bese ufaka i-eksisi ye-XY esuswe iphutha kuhlaka lomshini. Umphumela uwonke usemuhle.
6. Qala ukwenza ishidi le-Z-axis yokusekela, bhala ishidi le-aluminium, futhi unqume indawo yembobo. Yenza okunye ukubhoboza nokuthinta ukuze wenze amashidi angu-4 okusekela afanayo.
Hlanganisa I-Z-Axis Lift Screw
7. Hlanganisa isikulufu sokuphakamisa i-Z-axis, futhi uhlanganise isikulufu esimise okuka-T, i-pulley ehambisanayo, isihlalo esinesihlalo, ipuleti lokusekela, namantongomane e-flange.
8. Faka isikulufu sokuphakamisa i-Z-axis, i-stepper motor, nebhande lesikhathi. Umgomo wokuphakamisa i-axis engu-Z: I-steping motor iqinisa ibhande elihambisanayo ngamasondo acindezelayo nhlangothi zombili. Uma i-motor ijikeleza, ishayela izikulufo ezi-4 zokuphakamisa ukuze zijikeleze ngendlela efanayo, ukuze amaphuzu angu-4 asekelayo aqhubekele phezulu naphansi ngesikhathi esifanayo, futhi isiteji sokusika sixhunywe kumaphuzu asekela ngesikhathi esifanayo. Ukunyakaza phezulu naphansi. Lapho ufaka iphaneli yezinyosi, udinga ukunaka ukulungiswa kwe-flatness. Sebenzisa inkomba yokudayela ukuze ulinganise umehluko we-h8 walo lonke uhlaka, futhi ulungise umehluko we-h8 ube ngu-0.1mm.
Izakhiwo zemishini ezifana nesakhiwo sendlela yomoya, indlela yokukhanya kwe-laser, nesikhumba sensimbi izochazwa ngokuningiliziwe kamuva lapho uhlelo oluhambisanayo lubandakanyeka. Okulandelayo, ingxenye yesi-3 izokwethulwa.
Isinyathelo3. Ukusethwa Kwesistimu Yokulawula Ishubhu Laser
1. Khetha CO2 imodeli ye-laser tube. Ishubhu ye-laser ihlukaniswe yaba izinhlobo ezi-2: ishubhu yengilazi neshubhu yefrikhwensi yomsakazo. Ishubhu le-RF lamukela i-voltage ephansi engu-30V ngokunemba okuphezulu, indawo encane nempilo ende, kodwa intengo iyabiza, kuyilapho ukuphila kweshubhu lengilazi cishe amahora angu-1500, indawo inkulu kakhulu, futhi iqhutshwa amandla kagesi aphezulu, kodwa intengo ishibhile. Uma ugawula izinkuni kuphela, isikhumba, i-acrylic, amashubhu e-Glass afaneleka ngokugcwele, futhi iningi labasiki be-laser emakethe njengamanje lisebenzisa amashubhu engilazi. Ngenxa yenkinga yezindleko, ngikhetha ishubhu yengilazi, usayizi we-1600mm*60mm, ukupholisa amashubhu e-laser kudinga ukusebenzisa ukupholisa amanzi, futhi kungamanzi okushisa angashintshi.
I-Laser Power Supply
I-laser tube power supply engiyikhethile iyona 100W ukunikezwa kwamandla kwe-laser. Umsebenzi wokuphakelwa kwamandla we-laser uyethulwa. I-electrode eqondile yeshubhu le-laser ikhipha amandla ombane aphezulu acishe abe ngu-10,000 volts. Ngenxa yokugcwala okukhulu CO2 igesi kushubhu yokuvusa amandla kagesi aphezulu, i-laser ene-wavelength engu-10.6um ikhiqizwa emsileni weshubhu. Qaphela ukuthi le laser ingukukhanya okungabonakali.
CW5000 I-Water Chiller
2. Khetha isiqandisi samanzi. Ishubhu ye-laser izokhiqiza izinga lokushisa eliphezulu ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa okujwayelekile, futhi idinga ukupholiswa ngokujikeleza kwamanzi. Uma izinga lokushisa liphezulu kakhulu futhi lingapholiswanga ngesikhathi, lizodala umonakalo ongenakulungiseka eshubhu le-laser, okuholela ekwehleni okubukhali empilweni noma ukuqhuma kweshubhu le-laser. Ijubane izinga lokushisa lamanzi lehla ngalo liphinde linqume ukusebenza kweshubhu le-laser.
Kunezinhlobo ezi-2 zokupholisa amanzi, enye eyokupholisa umoya, kanti enye iyindlela yokupholisa kusetshenziswa ukupholisa i-compressor yomoya. Uma i-laser tube imayelana 80W, ukupholisa umoya kungaba nekhono, kodwa uma kudlula 80W, indlela yokupholisa i-compressor kumele isetshenziswe. Uma kungenjalo, ukushisa akukwazi ukucindezelwa nhlobo. Amanzi okushisa angashintshi engiwakhethayo CW5000 imodeli. Uma amandla eshubhu ye-laser ethuthukisiwe, la manzi okushisa angashintshi asengaba nekhono. Umshini wonke uhlanganisa isistimu yokulawula izinga lokushisa, ibhakede lokugcina amanzi, i-air compressor, nepuleti lokupholisa. ukwakheka kwemojula.
3. Faka ishubhu lelaser, faka ishubhu lelaser esisekelweni seshubhu, lungisa i-h8 yeshubhu le-laser ukuze ulenze lihambisane nobude bomklamo, futhi unake ukuyiphatha ngokucophelela.
Ukufakwa Kweshubhu Laser
Xhuma ipayipi lokuphuma kwamanzi lokushisa okungashintshi. Kumele kuqashelwe ukuthi indawo yoku-1 yamanzi ingena isuka esigxotsheni esihle seshubhu le-laser, indawo yokungena yamanzi ephozithivu yeshubhu le-laser kufanele ibheke phansi, amanzi okupholisa angena ngaphansi, bese ephuma phezulu kwesigxobo esinegethivu seshubhu le-laser, bese ebuyela ekubuyiseni ngokusebenzisa iswishi yokuvikela ukujikeleza kwamanzi. Ithangi lamanzi lokushisa okungashintshi liqeda umjikelezo. Lapho umjikelezo wamanzi ume, inkinobho yokuvikela amanzi iyanqanyulwa, futhi isignali yempendulo ithunyelwa ebhodini lokulawula, elivala ishubhu le-laser ukuvimbela ukushisa ngokweqile.
Xhuma i-Ammeter
4. Isigxobo esinegethivu seshubhu le-laser sixhunywe ku-ammeter, bese sibuyela esigxotsheni esinegethivu se-laser power supply. Lapho ishubhu le-laser lisebenza, i-ammeter ingabonisa ukusebenza kweshubhu le-laser ngesikhathi sangempela. Ngenani lezinombolo, ungakwazi ukuqhathanisa amandla asethiwe kanye namandla angempela ukuze wahlulele ukuthi ishubhu ye-laser isebenza ngokujwayelekile yini.
5. Xhuma isifunda somthombo wamandla we-laser, amanzi okushisa angaguquki, umshini wokuvikela amanzi, i-ammeter, bese ulungisa izibuko zokuzivikela (ngoba ishubhu ye-laser ikhipha ukukhanya okungabonakali, udinga ukusebenzisa izibuko ezikhethekile zokuvikela eziyi-10.6um), bese usetha amandla eshubhu le-laser libe ngu-40%, uvule imodi yokuqhuma, ubeke ibhodi lokuhlola phambi kweshubhu le-laser, cindezela inkinobho yokuhlola, cindezela ibhodi ukuze uhlole i-laser umphumela muhle kakhulu.
Isinyathelo esilandelayo ukulungisa isistimu ye-optical path.
Isinyathelo 4. I-Laser Tube Light Guide Ukusethwa Kwesistimu
Ingxenye yesi-4 ukusethwa kwesistimu yokuqondisa ukukhanya kwe-laser tube. Njengoba kuboniswe emfanekisweni ongenhla, ukukhanya kwe-laser okukhishwa ishubhu ye-laser kukhishwa isibuko kuya kuma-degree angu-90 kuya esibukweni se-2, futhi isibuko se-2 siphinde sihlanjululwe ngamadigri angu-90 esibukweni sesithathu. I-refraction ibangela i-laser ukuthi idubule iye phansi iqonde kulensi egxilile, ebese igxilisa i-laser ukuze yakhe indawo enhle kakhulu.
Ubunzima balolu hlelo ukuthi kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ikhanda le-laser likuyiphi inqubo yokwenza imishini, indawo okugxilwe kuyo kufanele ibe seqophelweni elifanayo, okusho ukuthi, izindlela zokukhanya kufanele ziqondane nesimo esinyakazayo, ngaphandle kwalokho ugongolo lwe-laser luzophambuka futhi akukho kukhanya okuzokhishwa.
I-1st Surface Mirror Optical Path Design
Inqubo yokulungisa ibakaki lesibuko: isibuko kanye ne-laser ku-engeli engu-45-degree, okwenza kube nzima ukwahlulela iphuzu le-laser. Kuyadingeka 3D phrinta ubakaki wama-degree angu-45 ukuze ulungise okusizayo, unamathisele iphepha elibhaliwe emgodini odlulayo, bese i-laser ivuliwe. Imodi yokudubula yendawo (ngesikhathi 0.1S, amandla 20% ukuvimbela ukungena), lungisa ukuphakama, indawo kanye ne-angle yokujikeleza yebakaki, ukuze indawo yokukhanya ilawulwe phakathi nendawo yembobo eyindilinga.
I-2nd Surface Mirror Optical Path Design
Indawo yokufaka enembile kanye nokufakwa okungu-h8 kobakaki wesibuko sesi-2 kutholakala nge- 3D ukuklanywa kwendlela yesibuko yesi-2, futhi ibakaki lesibuko se-2nd surface sifakwe ngokunembile ngokulinganisa i-vernier caliper (ifake endaweni yokuqala).
Lungisa I-Reflection Angle Yesibuko Sokuqala Sobuso
Inqubo yokulungisa i-engeli yesibuko sokuqala esingaphezulu: sondeza i-axis engu-Y eduze kwesibuko, ichashazi le-laser, bese ususa ukuphela kwe-Y-eksisi, bese uchashaza futhi. Ngalesi sikhathi, kuzotholakala ukuthi amaphuzu angu-1 awahambisani, uma iphuzu eliseduze liphakeme futhi iphuzu elikude liphansi, khona-ke isibuko sidinga ukulungiswa ukuze sijikeleze phezulu, futhi ngokuphambene nalokho; isinyathelo esilandelayo ukuqhubeka nokwenza amaphuzu, kude naseduze, uma iphuzu eliseduze lingakwesokunxele futhi iphuzu elikude lingakwesokudla, udinga ukulungisa isibuko ukuze sijikeleze kwesokunxele, futhi okuphambene nalokho, kuze kube iphuzu eliseduze elihambisana nephuzu elikude njengephuzu, kusho ukuthi indlela yokubona yesibuko se-2nd ihambisana ngokuphelele nesiqondiso sokunyakaza kwe-Y-axis.
I-3rd Surface Mirror Optical Path Design
Inqubo yokulungisa i-engeli yesibuko sesibuko sesi-2: hambisa i-Y-axis esibukweni sokuqala, bese uhambisa i-X-eksisi ekugcineni, wenze amachashazi e-laser, bese uhambisa i-X-eksisi ekugcineni, bese wenza amachashazi e-laser, ngalesi sikhathi, bheka ukuthi iphoyinti eliseduze liphakeme yini futhi iphuzu elikude liphansi, udinga ukulungisa indawo yesi-1, i-vice-ups. Esinyathelweni esilandelayo, qhubeka wenze amaphuzu, iphuzu elilodwa likude neliseduze, uma iphuzu eliseduze lingakwesokunxele futhi iphuzu elikude lingakwesokudla, udinga ukulungisa isibuko se-2nd ukuze sijikeleze ngakwesobunxele, futhi okuphambene nalokho, kuze kube iphuzu eliseduze nephuzu elikude liqondane njengephuzu elilodwa, okusho ukuthi indlela yokubona yesibuko esiseduze-ekupheleni kwe-2rd ihambisana ngokuphelele nokunyakaza kwe-X. Bese uhambisa i-Y-axis ekugcineni, bese umaka iphuzu ekugcineni nasekupheleni kwe-X-eksisi, uma zingahlangani kusho ukuthi izindlela ezi-3 zesibuko azihlanganisi, futhi kuyadingeka ukubuya ukuze ulungise i-angle yesibuko sokuqala kuze kufike amaphuzu angu-2 ku-X-eksisi ekupheleni okuseduze kwe-Y-1 amaphuzu kanye namaphoyinti angu-2 ku-X-axi. Ukuphela kwe-Y-axis kuhambisana ngokuphelele.
Eqinisweni, ukulungiswa akukapheli kulesi sinyathelo. Qaphela ukuthi indawo ekhanyayo yesibambi selensi yesibuko sesi-3 iphakathi nendawo yini. Uma indawo yokukhanya ingakwesobunxele, isibambi selensi yesibuko sesi-2 sidinga ukubuyiselwa emuva, futhi okuphambene nalokho. Lungisa ukuma kwayo yonke ishubhu ye-laser ukuze yehle, futhi ngokuphambene nalokho. Lapho sishintsha ubakaki wesibuko sesi-2, sidinga ukuphinda inqubo yokulungisa i-engeli yelensi yesibuko sesi-2 futhi. Lapho sishintsha u-h8 weshubhu le-laser, sidinga ukuphinda yonke inqubo yokulungisa ilensi Iphasi eyodwa (okuhlanganisa: inqubo yokulungisa ubakaki wesibuko sokuqala, ilensi yesibuko sokuqala nesibuko esingaphezulu sesi-1), bese senza amachashazi kuze kube yilapho indawo yokukhanya isendaweni emaphakathi futhi amaphuzu angu-1 aqondana ngokuphelele.
Lungisa I-Reflection Angle Yesibuko Esingaphezulu Kwesithathu
Inqubo yokulungiswa kwe-angle yesibuko se-3rd surface: ukulungiswa kwesibuko ukwengeza amaphuzu angu-2 we-Z-axis ephakamisa nokwehlisa ngesisekelo sesibuko, okungukuthi, amaphuzu angu-8. Umgomo wokulungisa owokuqala ukunquma indawo yokuphakamisa amaphuzu angu-1 bese uhambisa i-X Axis kwenye indawo, bese ushaya iphuzu lokuphakamisa. Uma indawo yokukhanya iphakeme kunendawo ephansi, udinga ukuzungezisa ilensi yesibuko sesi-4 emuva, ngokuphambene nalokho. Jikelezisa kwesokudla futhi ngokuphambene nalokho.
Uma indawo yokukhanya ingeke ihlale ilungiswa ukuze iqondane, kusho ukuthi indlela yesibuko yesi-3 engaphezulu ayihambisani ne-X-axis, futhi kuyadingeka ukuthi ubuyele ukuze ulungise i-engeli yelensi yesibuko yesi-2. Kuyadingeka ukuthi ubuyele ukuze ulungise i-h8 yeshubhu ye-laser, bese uqala kubakaki abahlehlayo ukuze uyilungise futhi kuze kube yilapho amaphuzu angu-8 eqondana ngokuphelele.
Ilensi yokugxila
Kunezinhlobo ezi-4 zamalensi okugxilisa ingqondo: 50.8, 63.5, 76.2, kanye no-101.6. Ngakhetha angu-50.8mm.
Faka ilensi yokugxilisa ingqondo kusilinda sekhanda le-laser, uhlangothi lwe-convex lubheke phezulu, beka ibhodi lokhuni elehlelayo, hambisa i-X-eksisi ukuze wenze iphuzu njalo. 2mm, thola indawo enendawo encane kakhulu, ulinganise ibanga phakathi kwekhanda le-laser nebhodi lezinkuni, leli banga Yindawo efanelekile kakhulu yobude bokugxila yokusika i-laser, futhi indlela yokubona ilungisiwe kulesi sinyathelo.
Isinyathelo 5. Vuthela Ukusethwa Kwesistimu ye-Exhaust
Ingxenye yesi-5 ukusethwa kwesistimu yokuphefumula komoya kanye ne-exhaust. Kuzokwenziwa intuthu ewugqinsi ngesikhathi sokusika i-laser, futhi izinhlayiya zentuthu eziwugqinsi zizovala ipuleti lokugxilisa ingqondo futhi zinciphise amandla okusika. Isixazululo ukukhulisa iphampu yomoya phambi kwepuleti lokugxila.
Ipompo yomoya engiyikhethayo i-air compressor air pump, isizathu esiyinhloko ukuthi ukucindezela komoya kuphakeme kakhulu, futhi ukusebenza kahle kokusika kungandiswa ngenxa yesenzo segesi ngesikhathi sokusika. Isignali yokuphumayo ixhunywe ebhodini elikhulu ukulawula i-valve ye-solenoid, futhi i-valve ye-solenoid ilawula iphampu yomoya ukuze ishaye umoya.
Laser Cut Wood Projects
Ngemva kokufaka, angikwazi ukulinda ukwenza isilingo se- 6mm ibhodi elinezingqimba eziningi, elinganqanyulwa ngokushelela, futhi umphumela ulungile kakhulu. Inkinga kuphela ukuthi uhlelo lokukhipha umoya aluqediwe, futhi intuthu inkulu kakhulu.
Sika ipuleti lensimbi engagqwali ngokuya ngosayizi wedizayini, bese ulungisa ipuleti lensimbi engenasici ngezikulufu ngemva kokubhoboza. Wonke umshini uvalwe ngokuphelele, kusale kuphela indawo yokungena nomoya.
I-fan yokukhipha i-exhaust igxiliwe odongeni, futhi ubakaki udinga ukwenziwa.
3D I-Air Outlet Ephrintiwe
I-medium pressure fan isebenzisa i-a 300W amandla, indawo yomoya engunxande eklanywe ngokukhethekile ngokobukhulu bewindi layo lengxubevange ye-aluminium.
Isinyathelo 6. Ukusetha Ukukhanyisa kanye Nokugxilisa Amasistimu
Ingxenye ye-6 uhlelo lokukhanyisa nokugxila, olusebenzisa umshini wokukhanya ozimele we-12V LED, futhi ukukhanyisa kwe-LED kwengezwe engxenyeni yesistimu yokulawula, indawo yokucubungula, nendawo yokugcina ngesikhathi esifanayo.
Ikhanda le-laser eliphambanayo lengezwa ngemuva kwekhanda le-laser ukuze ligxile. Isebenzisa ugesi ozimele ongu-5V futhi ifakwe iswishi ezimele. Ukuma kwekhanda le-laser kunqunywa umugqa wesiphambano. Umugqa we-laser ovundlile usetshenziselwa ukwahlulela ukujula kwebhodi. Isikhungo sibonisa ukuthi ibhodi alisicaba noma ubude bokugxila abulungiswanga kahle, ungakwazi ukulungisa i-axis engu-Z ubheke phezulu naphansi, futhi ulungise umugqa ovundlile ube maphakathi.
Faka i-Laser Cross Focus
Isethi 7. Ukuthuthukiswa Kokusebenza
Ingxenye yesi-7 iwukwenza kahle ukusebenza. Ukuze kube lula ukuma kwesimo esiphuthumayo, iswishi yokumisa izimo eziphuthumayo iklanyelwe phezulu eduze nendawo yokusebenza, futhi inkinobho yokhiye, isixhumi esibonakalayo se-USB kanye nembobo yokulungisa iphutha kufakwa eceleni. Ingaphambili iklanywe nge-switch enkulu yamandla, i-air blowing kanye ne-exhaust control switch, i-LED lighting switch, i-laser focus switch, eyenza yonke imisebenzi iqedwe ngaphansi kwephaneli eyodwa.
Shintsha Isakhiwo Senkinobho
Iminyango yeKhabhinethi iklanywe nhlangothi zombili zomshini, uhlangothi lwesobunxele lusetshenziselwa ukugcina amathuluzi asetshenziswa umsiki we-laser, kanti uhlangothi lwesokudla lusetshenziselwa ukuhlola nokunakekela. Kukhona iwindi lokuhlola ezansi ngaphambili. Lapho i-workpiece yehla, ingakhishwa phansi. Ungabheka futhi ukuthi amandla e-laser anele yini nokuthi anqanyuliwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukuze kwandiswe amandla ngesikhathi.
Ngiphinde ngengeze i-foot pedal. Uma udinga ukuqala i-laser cutter, udinga kuphela ukunyathela i-pedal yonyawo ukuze uqedele ukusebenza, okusindisa ukusebenza kwenkinobho eyisicefe, eshesha kakhulu futhi elula.
Isinyathelo 8. Hlola futhi Ulungise iphutha
Okokugcina, kuyadingeka ukuhlola imisebenzi yesistimu yokusika i-laser, ukuthuthukisa imingcele yokusika ohlelweni lokusetshenziswa ukuze kuzuzwe imiphumela engcono, futhi kulungiswe imisebenzi yokusika kwe-laser nokuqoshwa kwe-laser.
Laser Cut Projects
Kuleli qophelo, wonke umshini wokusika i-laser usuqediwe ukwakha. Amanye amabhodlela kanye nobunzima okuhlangatshezwane nabo enqubweni yokwenza kuye kwanqotshwa ngamunye ngamunye ngokusebenza kanzima. Lokhu okwenziwa yi-DIY kubaluleke kakhulu. Ngale phrojekthi, ngifunde okuningi ngemishini yokusika i-laser. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngibonga kakhulu ngosizo lwabaholi bemboni, okwenze iphrojekthi yancipha kakhulu.
