Ngamafuphi, ubuchwepheshe be-CNC abuyona inkimbinkimbi kakhulu. iyithuluzi elilawulwa yikhompyutha. iba yinkimbinkimbi uma ucubungula ukuthi ikhompuyutha ililawula kanjani ithuluzi. umfanekiso ongezansi ubonisa ukuthi umshini werutha we-CNC ongamathambo angabukeka kanjani ususa isilawuli.
Incazelo yerutha ye-CNC:
CNC = Ukulawulwa Kwezinombolo Kwekhompyutha. "isilawuli" sekhompuyutha sifunda i-g-code noma imiyalelo yolimi lomshini bese sishayela ithuluzi.
uhlelo lwe-NC (ukulawula izinombolo) luyisethi enemininingwane yesinyathelo ngesinyathelo imiyalelo etshela umshini ukuthi iyiphi indlela okufanele uyilandele nokuthi yimiphi imisebenzi okufanele yenziwe.
Umlando werutha ye-CNC:
I-NC noma i-Numerical Control yasungulwa ngasekupheleni kwawo-1940 kanye nasekuqaleni kwawo-1950 nguJohn t. Parsons ngokubambisana noMit (Massachusetts Institute of Technology). yenzelwe ukusiza emzamweni wokukhiqiza wangemva kwempi. izingxenye zezindiza zase ziba yinkimbinkimbi futhi zidinga izinga lokunemba abaqhubi abangabantu ababengenakulifinyelela.
Izingxenye ezakhiwe ngomshini eziyinkimbinkimbi azikwazanga ukwenziwa umqhubi onekhono yedwa.
Emishinini yokuqala yayinezintambo eziqinile, kwase kunikezwa iziyalezo kusetshenziswa itheyiphu egxishiwe kusukela ngo-1. Ngemva kweminyaka emi-1952, imishini ye-NC yayifakwa ezindaweni zokukhiqiza insimbi kulo lonke elase-United States. maphakathi nawo-5, ubuchwepheshe be-NC babudlala indima enkulu embonini.
Iningi lezinhlelo zemishini zaqoshwa ephepheni eligxotshiwe noma i-aluminium tape kwaze kwaba ngu-1980. ngeminyaka yawo-1970 no-80s, ukukhula kobuchwepheshe be-microprocessor kwenza kwaba nokwenzeka ukuthi amakhompyutha axhunywe ngqo emishinini ye-NC esebenzisa izintambo, yingakho igama elithi CNC.
Ngokuyisisekelo, ukulawulwa kwezinombolo kuyindlela yokulawula imishini kunohlobo oluthile lomshini. Imishini ye-CNC ekuqaleni yayakhelwe ukukhanda insimbi. zabe sezisetshenziswa kwezinye izimboni ezifana nezinkuni, indwangu, igwebu, nepulasitiki ukukha nje ezimbalwa. yonke le mishini inezici ezithile ezifanayo okuyilezi:
• uhlelo (imiyalelo)
• isilawuli
• ithuluzi lomshini
Wood routers differ from their metalworking cousins in that they are not subjected to the same forces of load and vibration. they spin faster, up to 24000 rpm and have larger work tables; up to 5'x20'. they use smaller tools and tool holders and work at faster machining speeds; up to 1200 inches per minute or 30 m/min. another difference is that they don't require the same level of accuracy. Metalworking applications usually require much greater precision and tighter tolerances than for machining wood.
UMnu. isao shoda uthi wenze irutha ye-NC yokuqala emhlabeni futhi wayibonisa embukisweni we-osaka wamazwe ngamazwe ngo-1. (Imodeli: NC-1968a)
1968 - UShoda wabukisa ngomzila wokuqala owake waba yi-NC wood (NC-1A) e-International Osaka Fair.
Ekuqaleni kwawo-1970 ukufika kwe-CNC yoku-1 kwavela embonini ye-aerospace (elawulwa yi-Mainframe Computer).
Ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yama-70s imishini yokumba i-NC yayingeyokuqala ukubonakala embonini yezinkuni. babebizwa ngemishini yokukhomba ngoba babegudluza i-drill besuka kwelinye iphuzu baye kwelinye babhoboze imbobo. Igama elithi point-to-point laqanjwa ngendlela yomhlangano wesifunda ye-elekthronikhi kusukela ngaphambi kuka-1 eyayidinga abahlanganisi be-elekthronikhi abachwepheshile ukuthi basebenzise ezincwadini zezithombe, futhi balandele ukulandelana okuqondile komhlangano ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi abageji noma yiziphi izingxenye.
Eminye imicimbi ethinte ubuchwepheshe be-CNC yile:
• Maphakathi no-1970: I-microprocessor yokuqala (intel 1)
• ekupheleni kwawo-1970: 1st 5 axis CNC in woodworking
Amarutha e-CNC ayengawokuqala asetshenziswa imboni ye-aerospace ukusika amaphethini ayinkimbinkimbi emashidini e-aluminium. ukubophela ishidi le-aluminium endaweni yetafula kwakuyinqubo ende. ekuqaleni kwawo-1s, onjiniyela base-thermwood baqhamuke nombono wokudweba umoya ngamabhulokhi amakhulu ebhusha enziwe ngokhuni lwe-balsa. njengoba izinkuni ze-balsa zivumela umoya ukuba udlule ngokukhululekile ohlamvini lokugcina, bangeze i-vacuum yokugeleza okuphezulu ukuze babambe amashidi e-aluminium phansi ngaphandle kokusebenzisa izixhumi zokubopha. kamuva baqaphela ukuthi i-particleboard inezici ezifanayo ezinama-porous kanye namatafula we-vacuum universal azalwa.
Ngasekuqaleni kwawo-1980, ubuchwepheshe be-CNC babusetshenziswa ezinhlotsheni eziningi zemishini embonini yesibili yokwenza izinkuni. ezinye izibonelo ziyalandela:
Izinhlelo zokukhomba-ephuzu njengemishini eyisicefe zisetshenziswe kusukela ekuqaleni kwenkathi ye-NC. Njengoba bekungekho ukuthintana phakathi kwengxenye nethuluzi kwaze kwaba yilapho kwenziwa umshini wokubhola womoya, kwakunendaba encane ukuthi iyiphi indlela ethathwe i-spindle ukuze ifike lapho iya khona ekugcineni, yingakho igama elithi point-to-point. le mishini kamuva yajwayelaniswa nobuchwepheshe obusha be-CNC futhi nakuba i-InCorporate izinketho eziningi kunokumane ukubhoboza, igama laqhubeka.
Amasistimu okusika aqondile afana namasaha ephaneli e-NC avala isilawuli ku-eksisi eyodwa yokunyakaza. i-saw blade bese ihamba ngokuzimela kusukela ekulawuleni ngaphesheya kobude be-beam ukwenza ukusika okuqondile.
Ukusika ikhonsathi okufana nalokho okubonwa ezikhungweni zokusebenza ze-CNC kuvumela ukulawulwa kokunyakaza kanyekanye kwezimbazo ezi-3 noma ngaphezulu ngenkathi kwenziwa imisebenzi yomshini. ngamanye amazwi, ikhompuyutha ilawula umsiki emkhathini eduze kwezimbazo zika-x, y kanye no-z ngenkathi isika.
Namuhla imishini ye-CNC router iyingxenye etholakala yonke indawo yenqubo yokukhiqiza. ukusebenza okusha nokusebenza okuthuthukisiwe kuthuthukiswa nsuku zonke okuzonikeza i-CNC indima ekhula njalo empumelelweni yemboni yethu.
