Umhleli we-CNC udinga ukunquma inqubo yokwenza imishini ngokuhlaziya ingxenye yomdwebo, futhi abhale uhlelo lomshini we-CNC ngokufanele. Ukuze oqalayo akhule abe umhleli we-CNC, udinga ulwazi lwe-CNC oluchwepheshile, ukusebenzisa kahle ulimi lwekhodi ye-G, kanye nekhono ezinhlelweni ezihlukahlukene ze-CAD/CAM.
Luyini Uhlelo lwe-CNC?
Uhlelo lwe-CNC lubhekisela emiyalweni enekhodi yesofthiwe ye-CAM yokulawula ukusebenza kwe- Umshini we-CNC. Kuwuhlelo lokulawula olusetshenziselwa ngokuqondile okokufaka komshini okuvela ngaphandle kwesistimu ye-CNC, ebizwa ngokuthi uhlelo lwemishini ye-CNC.
Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokuklama, ukukhiqiza, ukugcinwa, ukugcinwa nokuthandwa kwabantu, ngokuya ngamakhodi okokufaka, amasistimu wokudidiyela, imiyalelo yemishini, imisebenzi eyisizayo namafomethi wohlelo, kuye kwasungulwa amazinga ajwayelekile angu-2 emhlabeni wonke, okuyi-International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standard kanye ne-Electronic Industries Institute (EIA) standard.
Uhlelo lwemishini lwe-CNC lwakhiwe ngamagama ahlukahlukene okusebenza ngokuya ngefomethi eshiwo. Ukuqonda kahle incazelo yegama ngalinye elisebenzayo, ukusebenzisa kahle amagama ahlukahlukene okusebenza, kanye nezinhlelo zokubhala ngokwemiyalo ebekiwe kuwukhiye wokuhlanganisa izinhlelo.
Abahleli bezinhlelo ze-CNC kumele bazi kahle ulwazi oluhlobene nemishini ye-CNC, okuhlanganisa isimiso sokusebenza, uhlelo lokuxhumanisa i-axis ye-XYZ, ukwakheka kohlelo kanye nemiyalo evamile ye-CNC.
Iyini i-CNC Programming?
Uhlelo lwe-CNC lusho inqubo yokudala ngokuzenzakalelayo uhlelo lwemishini ye-CNC ngosizo lwekhompuyutha, isofthiwe ye-CAD yokudweba nokuklama, kanye nesofthiwe yokumodela ye-CAM & yokukhiqiza ukuze ulawule umshini we-CNC ukuze usebenze.
Uhlelo lwe-CNC luyingxenye yokuqukethwe okuyinhloko esigabeni sokulungiselela ukwenziwa kwemishini ye-CNC, okuvame ukuhlanganisa ukuhlaziya ingxenye yephethini, ukunquma inqubo yomshini, ukubala indlela yamathuluzi, ukuthola idatha yendawo yethuluzi, ukudala uhlelo lwemishini ye-CNC, ukwenza indlela yokulawula, ukuhlola amaphutha uhlelo kanye nengxenye yokuhlolwa komshini.
Ungayenza kanjani i-CNC Programming?
Ukuhlelwa kwe-CNC kusebenzisa ulimi lwekhodi ye-G ukuchaza ukuma, inqubo, imingcele nolwazi oluyisizayo lwengxenye ngokwemithetho, bese ikhompuyutha yenza ngokuzenzakalelayo ukubala izinombolo, ukubala kokunyakaza kokunyakaza kwesikhungo samathuluzi, kanye nokucubungula kwangemuva ukuze kukhiqizwe uhlu lohlelo lokucubungula ingxenye, futhi ilingise inqubo yomshini. Ezingxenyeni ezinobunjwa obuyinkimbinkimbi, amaphrofayili angewona ayisiyingi, izindawo ezi-3-dimensional nezinye izingxenye, indlela yokuhlela ezenzakalelayo iyasebenza futhi ithembekile.
Phakathi nenqubo yokuhlela, umhleli we-CNC angabheka ukuthi uhlelo lulungile yini ngesikhathi futhi alulungise uma kunesidingo. Ngenxa yokuthi ikhompuyutha ithatha indawo yomhleli ukuze iqedele umsebenzi wokubala izinombolo oyisicefe futhi yonga umthwalo wokubhala uhlu lohlelo, ingathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwezinhlelo izikhathi eziningi noma ngisho namakhulu, futhi ixazulule izinkinga zokuhlela zezingxenye eziningi eziyinkimbinkimbi ezingaxazululeki ngokuhlelwa kwezinhlelo.
Zingaki Izinhlobo Zohlelo Lwe-CNC?
Kunezinhlobo ezi-2 ezivame kakhulu zohlelo lwe-CNC emakethe, okuhlanganisa ukuhlela okwenziwa ngesandla kanye nezinhlelo ezizenzakalelayo.
Kuyini Ukuhlela Ngezandla?
Ukuhlela ngokuzenzela kusho ukuthi zonke izigaba zokuhlela zenziwa mathupha. Ngokusebenzisa amathuluzi okubala avamile, ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene zezibalo, ukubala kwendlela yamathuluzi kwenziwa mathupha, futhi imiyalelo iyahlanganiswa. Le ndlela ilula, kulula ukuyiqonda kwabaqalayo, futhi inokuvumelana nezimo okukhulu. Ilungele izinhlelo eziyinkimbinkimbi kanye nezinhlelo zezingxenye ezinenani elincane lokubala. Kufanele iqondiswe ngabasebenza ngamathuluzi omshini.
Izinyathelo Zokuhlela Manuwali
Izinyathelo zokuhlela ezenziwa ngesandla zihlanganisa ukuqedela mathupha inqubo ye-CNC yokucutshungulwa kwengxenye, ukuhlaziya ingxenye yemidwebo, ukwenza izinqumo zenqubo, ukunquma umzila wokucubungula, ukukhetha imingcele yenqubo, ukubala idatha yokuxhumanisa indawo yamathuluzi, ukubhala uhlu lwezinhlelo zemishini ye-CNC, ukuqinisekisa uhlelo, nokuhlelwa kwezinhlelo ngesandla.
buhle
Isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukucutshungulwa kwamaphuzu (njengokubhola, ukulungisa kabusha) noma ukucutshungulwa kwezingxenye ezinobunjwa bejiyomethri olula (njengendiza, i-square groove), inani lokubala lincane, inani lamasegimenti ohlelo lilinganiselwe, futhi ukuhlela kunembile futhi kulula ukukusebenzisa.
bawo
Ezingxenyeni ezinezindawo ezikhululekile kanye nezimbobo eziyinkimbinkimbi, ukubalwa kwedatha yendlela yamathuluzi kunzima kakhulu, umthwalo wokusebenza mkhulu, unephutha ngokwedlulele, futhi kunzima ukuwahlola, kanti amanye awakwazi nokuqedelwa nhlobo.
Iyini i-Automatic Programming?
Ukuhlela okuzenzakalelayo kubhekisela ekusetshenzisweni kwekhompuyutha ukubhala uhlelo lomthombo wengxenye ngosizo lwekhompiyutha yezingxenye ezinobumo bejiyomethri obuyinkimbinkimbi, kanye nokwenza uhlelo lomshini lwe-CNC ngemva kokucubungula.
buhle
Ngokuthuthukiswa kobuchwepheshe bokulawula izinombolo, uhlelo lokulawula izinombolo oluthuthukisiwe aluhlinzeki nje ngemisebenzi yokulungiselela evamile kanye nemisebenzi eyisizayo yokuhlelwa kwabasebenzisi, kodwa futhi inikeza izindlela zokuhlela ukuze kwandiswe imisebenzi yokulawula izinombolo. Ukuhlelwa kwepharamitha yesistimu yokulawula izinombolo kuyaguquguquka ekusetshenzisweni futhi kumahhala ngefomu. Inezinkulumo, ukusebenza okunengqondo kanye nohlelo olufanayo lugeleza ngezilimi zekhompyutha ezisezingeni eliphezulu, okwenza uhlelo lomshini lube mfushane futhi lube lula ukuluqonda, futhi lubona imisebenzi okunzima ukuyifinyelela ezinhlelweni ezijwayelekile.
bawo
Uhlelo lwe-CNC lunolimi lwayo njengohlelo lwekhompiyutha, kodwa umehluko ukuthi manje ikhompuyutha isithuthuke ukuba ithathe imakethe yomhlaba wonke ngeWindows yeMicrosoft njengenzuzo yayo ngokuphelele. Kodwa umshini we-CNC awuzange uthuthuke wafinyelela ezingeni lokusebenzisana, okusho ukuthi, umehluko wabo ku-hardware wenza izinhlelo zabo ze-CNC zingahambisani nomunye okwesikhashana. Ngakho-ke, lapho wenza okungenalutho, kubalulekile ukunquma ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo lwesistimu olusetshenziswa umshini.
Iyini i-CNC Programmer?
Umhleli we-CNC ngumuntu ohlanganisa izinhlelo zemishini ye-CNC ngesandla noma osebenzisa isofthiwe yokukhiqiza esizwa ngekhompiyutha ngokuya ngezidingo zomshini wezingxenye. Umhleli we-CNC kufanele abe namandla 3D umcabango wesikhala, ukubona okuvamile, izitho nezitho eziguquguqukayo, nekhono eliqinile lekhompyutha. Iningi labahleli bezinhlelo ze-CNC basebenza ezinkampanini ezinkulu ezikhiqizayo nezinkampani ezinezingxenye ezinzima zokucubungula. Owokuqala unokwehlukaniswa okucacile kwabasebenzi ebhizinisini, okudinga ukuthi ochwepheshe bemishini be-CNC babe namakhono akhethekile, futhi ukuhlela kwe-CNC sekube ngesinye sezikhundla ezizimele. Ngenxa yobunzima bokuhlela, laba bakamuva kumele babe nabahleli bezinhlelo ezikhethekile ukuze baqedele umsebenzi ohambisanayo.
Basebenza Kanjani Abahleli Bezinhlelo ze-CNC?
Umhleli we-CNC kufanele akhethe amathuluzi afanelekile, izinto ezilungiswayo, izisetshenziswa zokucubungula namathuluzi ngokuya ngenqubo nezidingo zokucubungula, futhi ahlanganise futhi ahlele izinhlelo zemishini ye-2-eksisi kanye ne-2-eksisi semi-NC. Bese uqhuba 3D ukumodela nokuhlela ama-multi-axis kanye ne-multi-type CNC machining. Okokugcina, hlaziya futhi ulawule ikhwalithi yomshini yezingxenye.
Landela izinyathelo ezi-5 ezilula ukuzisebenzisa kwabaqalayo nabahleli bohlelo.
Isinyathelo 1. Hlaziya ingxenye yomdwebo ukuze unqume inqubo.
Hlaziya umumo, usayizi, ukunemba, impahla kanye nokungenalutho okudingekayo ingxenye yomdwebo, cacisa okuqukethwe kokucubungula kanye nezidingo; nquma uhlelo lokucubungula, indlela yamathuluzi, imingcele yokusika, bese ukhetha amathuluzi nezinto ezilungiswayo.
Isinyathelo 2. Ukubala kwezinombolo.
Ngokusho kosayizi wejometri wengxenye kanye nomzila wokucubungula, indawo yokuqala, indawo yokugcina kanye nezixhumanisi ezimaphakathi ze-arc yezakhi zejometri kuhlaka lwengxenye zibalwa.
Isinyathelo sesi-3. Bhala uhlelo lomshini.
Ngemuva kokuqeda izinyathelo ezi-2 ezingenhla, ngokuya ngekhodi yokufundisa yokusebenza kanye nefomethi ye-block eshiwo uhlelo lwe-CNC, bhala uhlu lohlelo lomshini.
Isinyathelo 4. Faka uhlelo ohlelweni lwe-CNC.
Okokufaka kohlelo kungafakwa ngokuqondile ohlelweni lokulawula izinombolo ngekhibhodi, futhi kungafakwa ohlelweni lokulawula izinombolo ngokusebenzisa isixhumi esibonakalayo sokuxhumana kwekhompyutha.
Isinyathelo sesi-5. Inqubo yokuhlola kanye nokusikwa kwesilingo sengxenye yokuqala.
Sebenzisa umsebenzi wokuboniswa kwezithombe ohlinzekwa uhlelo lwe-CNC ukuze uhlole ukulunga kwendlela yamathuluzi. Yenza isilingo sokuqala sokusika ingxenye, hlaziya imbangela yephutha, futhi ulilungise kusenesikhathi kuze kube yilapho izingxenye ezifanelekayo sezivivinywa.
I-CNC Programming Software List
Izinto ezisohlwini ziyisoftware yamahhala futhi eyingxenye ye-CAD/CAM iningi labahleli bezinhlelo ze-CNC abayisebenzisa njalo ukuhlela izinhlelo.
UG
I-Unigraphics isethi ye 3D isofthiwe ye-parametric ehlanganisa imisebenzi ye-CAD, CAM, kanye ne-CAE ethuthukiswe yi-Unigraphics Solution e-United States. Iwuhlelo lwesoftware olusezingeni eliphezulu kakhulu lomklamo osizwa ngekhompiyutha, ukuhlaziya nokukhiqiza namuhla. , imishini ejwayelekile kanye ne-electronics kanye neminye imikhakha yezimboni. Isoftware ye-UG isendaweni ehamba phambili emkhakheni we-CAM. Ikhiqizwe yiMcDonnell Douglas Aircraft Company e-United States futhi iyithuluzi lokuhlela elikhethwayo lomshini we-CNC wezingxenye zezindiza.
I-CATIA
I-CATIA iwumkhiqizo owethulwe yinkampani yaseFrance iDassault. Amajethi okulwa e-French Mirage series, Boeing 737 kanye ne-777 wonke athuthukile futhi aklanywa kusetshenziswa i-CATIA. I-CATIA inomsebenzi onamandla wokumodela ongaphezulu futhi ihamba phambili kuwo wonke ama-CAD 3D isofthiwe. Isetshenziswa kakhulu emabhizinisini asekhaya asemkhathini nasezikhungweni zocwaningo, futhi kancane kancane ithatha indawo ye-UG njengenketho yokuqala yokuklama kwendawo eyinkimbinkimbi. I-CATIA inekhono eliqinile lokuhlela futhi ingahlangabezana nezidingo zemishini ye-CNC yezingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi. Njengamanje, ezinye izinkambu zisebenzisa imodeli ye-CATIA yokuklama, ukuhlelwa kwe-UG nokucubungula, oku-1 kuhlanganisiwe futhi kusetshenziswe ndawonye.
Pro / E
I-Pro/E isofthiwe eyakhiwe yi-American PTC (Parametric Technology Co., Ltd.) futhi idume kakhulu 3D Uhlelo lwe-CAD/CAM (Computer Aided Design and Manufacturing) emhlabeni. Isetshenziswa kabanzi ezimbonini zomphakathi ezifana ne-electronics, imishini, isikhunta, idizayini yezimboni namathoyizi. Ngokuklanywa kwezingxenye, ukuhlanganiswa komkhiqizo, ukuthuthukiswa kwesikhunta, umshini we-CNC, umklamo wokumodela neminye imisebenzi.
I-Cimatron
I-Cimatron ingumkhiqizo we-CAD/CAM/PDM we-Israel's Cimatron Company. Uhlelo luhlinzeka ngomsebenzisi ovumelana nezimo uma kuqhathaniswa, ukumodela okuhle kakhulu kwe-3-dimensional, umdwebo wobunjiniyela, umshini obanzi we-CNC, izixhumanisi ezihlukahlukene ezijwayelekile nezikhethekile zedatha kanye nokuphathwa kwedatha yomkhiqizo okudidiyelwe. Uhlelo lweCimatron CAD/CAM ludume kakhulu embonini yamazwe omhlaba yokukhiqiza isikhunta, futhi lusetshenziswa kakhulu embonini yasekhaya yokukhiqiza isikhunta.
I-MasterCAM
I-MasterCAM iyisofthiwe esekwe ku-PC ye-CAD/CAM eyakhiwe inkampani ye-CNC e-United States. Inemodeli yejometri elula futhi enembile. I-Mastercam inikeza indawo ekahle yokuklama ukwakheka kwezingxenye. Umsebenzi wayo wokumodela onamandla futhi ozinzile ungaklama izingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi ezigobile nezigobile. I-MasterCAM inemisebenzi eqinile yokugwedla komhlaba kanye nokuqeda phezulu. Kunezinketho ezihlukahlukene zokuqedwa kwendawo, engahlangabezana nezidingo zokucubungula indawo yezingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi, futhi inemisebenzi yomshini we-multi-axis. Ngenxa yentengo ephansi nokusebenza okuphakeme, isiphenduke ukukhethwa koku-1 kwesofthiwe yokuhlela ye-CNC embonini yabantu.
IsiciCAM
I-FeatureCAM isofthiwe ye-CAM esekelwe esicini esigcwele eyakhiwe yi-DELCAM e-United States. Inomqondo wesici esisha, ukuqashelwa kwesici esihle kakhulu, umtapo wolwazi osuselwe kusisekelo solwazi lwenqubo, umtapo wezincwadi wamathuluzi, kanye nenqubo yemodi yokuhlela esekelwe ekhadini yokuzulazula kwesithonjana. Isofthiwe yemojuli egcwele, kusukela ku-2-5 axis milling, ukuphenduka nokugaya, kusukela ekukhiqizeni okungaphezulu kuya ekusikeni kwezintambo, inikeza isixazululo esiphelele sokuhlelwa kwe-workshop. Umsebenzi wokuhlela wangemuva kwesoftware ye-DELCAM muhle uma kuqhathaniswa.
EdgeCAM
I-EdgeCAM iwuhlelo lwesoftware ye-CNC ehlakaniphile ekhiqizwe yiBritish Pathtrace Company, esetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zemishini ye-CNC ngokujika, ukugaya, nokusika izintambo. Ngokubuka inkimbinkimbi yamanje 3D izici zemishini engaphezulu, i-EdgeCAM iklame indlela yokucubungula elula nethembekile, edumile ezimbonini zokukhiqiza zaseYurophu naseMelika.
I-VERICUTVERICUT
I-VERICUT VERICUT iyisofthiwe yokulingisa yemishini ye-CNC ethuthukisiwe ethuthukisiwe ekhiqizwa yi-CGTECH e-United States. I-VERICUT isebenzisa isibonisi se-3-dimensional ethuthukisiwe kanye nobuchwepheshe bento engekho ngokoqobo ukuze ilingise inqubo yokwenza imishini ye-CNC ibe sezingeni elingokoqobo ngokwedlulele. Akukhona nje kuphela ukuthi isithombe esinombala ongu-3-dimensional singabonisa yonke inqubo yokusika okungenalutho ukuze kwakhiwe ingxenye, kodwa futhi isibambi samathuluzi, isihluthulelo, ngisho nenqubo esebenzayo yethuluzi lomshini nendawo yefekthri ebonakalayo ingalingiswa, futhi umphumela ufana nesikrini. Buka ividiyo yomshini we-CNC owenza ingxenye lapha. Abahleli bangenisa izinhlelo zemishini ze-NC ezikhiqizwe isofthiwe ehlukahlukene yokuhlela ku-VERICUTVERICUT, futhi isofthiwe ingabheka amaphutha okubala akhiqizwe ohlelweni lwangempela lwesofthiwe futhi yehlise izinga lezingozi zomshini ezibangelwa amaphutha ohlelo phakathi nokucubungula. Njengamanje, amabhizinisi amaningi asekhaya anamandla aqinile aseqalile ukwethula le software ukuze enothisa uhlelo olukhona lwezinhlelo ze-CNC, futhi bathole imiphumela emihle.
Izinto Zokucatshangelwa
Isoftware yokuhlela ye-CNC ithuthukele esigabeni esisha kumishini ye-CNC. Imikhiqizo emisha ivela ngokusakaza okungapheli, futhi amamojula asebenzayo aya enziwa ngcono nakakhulu. Ochwepheshe bangaklama kalula imiklamo yesayensi nenengqondo kukhompuyutha. Futhi isofthiwe yokuhlela ye-CNC yomuntu siqu yenza ukukhanda kwe-CNC kube lula futhi kube lula.
Ngokufunda lesi sihloko, kufanele ube nokuqonda okuphelele kwezinhlelo ze-CNC. Odinga ukukwenza ngokuzayo ukuthi ungasebenzisa kanjani izinhlelo ze-CNC ngobunono emishinini ye-CNC, futhi ukhule usuka kwabaqalayo uye ekubeni ngumdidiyeli wohlelo lwe-CNC isinyathelo ngesinyathelo.
