Isingeniso
Ngiyangabaza ukuthi othile angenza ikhithi yokuqopha i-laser yedeskithophu enama-DVD-ROM asetshenziswa angu-2 (ama-CD-ROM nama-DVD-RW ongawakhetha) kanye nezingxenye ezimbalwa ezincane. Ngakho ngizenzele ngokwami, okwathatha izinsuku ezingu-5 (kuhlanganise nesikhathi sokuthenga izinto nokunye ukulethwa okucacile), futhi ekugcineni i-DIY ikhithi ye-laser engraver. Impela umuzwa wokuphumelela, manje ngizokufundisa mathupha.
Kunezihloko ezihlukahlukene ku-inthanethi mayelana nokusetshenziswa kwamadrayivu optical waste ukuze kulungiswe abaqophi belaser kanye laser bezihlahla, kodwa izihloko ezikhona azicacile, noma izindleko ziphezulu futhi kunamathuluzi amaningi. Lesi sihloko sihlanganisa izinsiza, sikhetha isixazululo esingcono kakhulu, futhi sisebenzisa indlela elula nengabizi kakhulu yokulungisa ukuze kusetshenziswe ireferensi kuphela.
Lapha ngizokukhombisa indlela yokwenza elula umshini wokuqopha laser usebenzisa i-DVD-ROM ehlakazwe kukhompyutha endala yedeskithophu, esebenzisa i-Arduino njengesilawuli esiyinhloko kanye nesofthiwe ye-GRBL ukulawula ukunyakaza kwamamotho anyathelayo kanye nokusebenza kwemojula ye-laser, ingasetshenziselwa ukuqopha nokusika izinkuni, iphepha, isikhumba, i-acrylic, nepulasitiki.
Uhlu Lwezinto
Zonke izinto ezingase zidingeke zicatshangelwe lapha ngangokunokwenzeka. Ngaphandle kwezibuko, amanye amathuluzi awadingeki. Zisetshenziswa enqubweni yokwakha, ngakho zibalwe ngendlela.
Uhlu Lwezingxenye
| Into | Ubuningi | esasizizwa |
| I-Arduino Control Board | 1 | |
| I-CNC Shield V3 | 1 | |
| I-A4988 Drive Module | 2 | I-DRV8255 nayo ingasetshenziswa, i-A4988 yanele, laba bashayeli aba-2 bangafakwa ngokuqondile ku-CNC Shield V3. |
| DVD-ROM | 2 | Abanye abantu futhi basebenzisa i-DVD-RW ukushintsha ikhanda le-laser, kodwa kudinga ikhono eliqinile lezandla. Akunconywa ukuthi abaqalayo bayisebenzise. |
| 250mV 650nm I-Laser | 1 | |
| 12mm I-radiator ye-laser | 1 | |
| I-MOS Trigger Switch Driver Module | 1 | Guqula isignali ye-PWM ibe yi-laser voltage. |
| Amandla we-12V | 1 | Ibhethri ye-lithium noma i-12V power matcher ingasetshenziswa. |
Amathuluzi Ayadingeka
1.I-Multimeter.
2.I-Soldering Iron.
3.Glue Gun.
I-4.I-Mini Electric Grinder.
5.650nm I-Laser Goggles (I-Laser ingabangela umonakalo ongenakulungiseka emehlweni, qiniseka ukuthi wonke umuntu ugqoka izibuko ze-laser ngaphambi kokuvula amandla e-laser, futhi uqiniseke ukuthi izibuko zingavikela 650nm laser wavelength).
Izinyathelo ze-DIY
Isinyathelo 1. Hlukanisa I-DVD-Rom
1.1. Okudingayo ku-DVD-Rom drive umhlangano we-stepper motor kanye ne-laser diode. Angibanga nenhlanhla yokuthola ukuthi iDVD-Rom yami ifike nengxenye yepulasitiki enzima kakhulu engizosebenza nayo. Ngakho ngahlukanisa amadrayivu angu-3 e-DVD-Rom futhi ngasebenzisa izingxenye ezimbili kuphela. Inqubo yokuqaqa inzima impela, futhi kunjalo impela ngamadrayivu amaningi e-DVD-Rom engake ngawavula.
1.2. Ngemva kokukhipha izikulufo ezingaphansi kwedrayivu, ungayiphakamisa njengesembozo. Cishe uzobona amabhodi esekethe angu-2 ngaphansi kwekhava engezansi, womabili angasizi ngalutho kithi. Kodwa khumbula ukugcina ezinye izingxenye eziwusizo zeminye imisebenzi yokwakha. Isibonelo kunemoto encane ye-DC okufanele uhlale ngaphansi kwebhodi lesifunda elingaphambili.
1.3. Manje kufanele ususe iphaneli yangaphambili kanye nethreyi yangaphambili. Iphaneli yangaphambili iyaxega uma ukhipha ithreyi (vele usebenzise iphini lezinwele kanye naleyo mbobo encane ephaneli elingaphambili).
1.4. Izinyathelo ezilandelayo zizodinga ukususa izikulufi kanye namandla athile anonya. Susa womabili amabhodi wesekethe. Qaphela ngezintambo ezixhunywe kuma-motor stepper. Le motor idinga ukususwa.
1.5. Uma ubeka idrayivu ye-DVD-Rom kwesokudla phezulu bese ususa ikhava ephezulu, kufanele uthole esikufunayo - i-stepper motor assembly. Khipha isikulufu bese uvele usikhiphe.
1.6. Manje njengoba sesikhiphe i-stepper motor assembly, sekuyisikhathi sokuhlanza. Khipha injini yokuphotha, kungase kube usizo, kodwa ngithole kunzima kakhulu ukuyishayela, ngakho ngizishiyile. Zivame ukubanjelwa endaweni ngezikulufo ezi-3 ezincane kakhulu, nakuba ngezinye izikhathi ziyingxenye yomhlangano omkhulu, ngakho-ke qaphela ukuthi ungaphuli izinduku ezi-2 ezisekela i-lens lapho uzisusa.
1.7. Ngokuqondene ne-lens, vele usebenzise indlela efanelekile kakhulu yokuyisusa, sidinga ukushiya indawo ebushelelezi, bese sixhuma ezinye izingxenye kuso. Qaphela ukuthi ungalimazi i-laser diode ye-DVDR drive.
Isinyathelo 2. Solder I-Stepper Motor Cable
Esakhiweni esihlakaziwe, isikhundla se-stepper motor siboniswa esithombeni:
Ama-motor stepper of different optical drives ahlukile, ngakho ukulandelana komugqa akulula ukunquma, kodwa singakwazi ukubona izintambo ezithathwe kuma-motor stepper, vele silandele ukulandelana kokushisela kwezintambo. (Inkinga yezintambo ayicatshangelwa kuqala)
Isinyathelo sesi-3. Xhuma Isekhethi
Ukuxhumana kwesekhethi kunjengoba kukhonjisiwe esithombeni:
Lungisa i-multimeter egiyeni elivuliwe, bese uxhuma izigxobo ezinhle nezingezinhle ze-multimeter kumaphini angu-2 aseduze. Umsindo we-multimeter yisiteshi, okungukuthi, ikhoyili efanayo. Le motor stepper iyi-4-wire 2-step step motor enamasethi ama-2 wamakhoyili, sidinga nje ukwenza isiqiniseko.
Imojula ye-A4988 stepper motor driver okudingeka isetshenziswe kuphrojekthi.
Incazelo yephinikhodi nokulungiswa kwesinqumo sokuhlukaniswa.
I-A4988 ejwayelekile yomdwebo wesifunda sohlelo lokusebenza.
Phina izincazelo zemisebenzi ehlobene ye-CNC Shield V3.
Incazelo yephinikhodi ye-Arduino UNO R3. Omaka abaluhlaza yizincazelo zephinikhodi ye-Arduino kanye nezincazelo zephinikhodi onsomi ze-CNC Shield V3.
Okulandelayo yi-Arduino UNO R3, CNC Shield V3, namamojula adluliselwe azosetshenziswa. Lapho ufaka, vele uxhume i-CNC Shield V3 kusokhethi esibonakalayo esihambelanayo se-Arduino UNO R3.
Faka i-X, Y axis stepper motor motion kanye nemojula yelaser kubakaki abalungiselelwe ngaphambilini.
Isinyathelo 4. Ukushiswa kweFirmware ye-GRBL
I-firmware ingashiswa nge-XLoader, noma ihlanganiswe futhi ilayishwe nge-Arduino IDE.
Lo msebenzi usebenzisa i-XLoader ukuze ushise, inombolo yenguqulo ye-firmware ye-GRBL ithi grbl_v0_9j, ezinye izinguqulo ze-firmware ziyefana, sicela uzihlole wedwa.
Indlela 1: XLoader Burning
1. Lungiselela i-XLoader burner, i-firmware ye-grbl_v0_9j.hex.
2. Ibhodi lokulawula i-Arduino lixhunywe kumbobo ye-serial yekhompyutha ye-USB.
3. Vula isishisi se-XLoader, khetha grbl_v0_9j.hex , bese uchofoza ukulayisha ukuze ushise.
4. Ngemva kokuthi isofthiwe isihlelwe ngempumelelo futhi yavulwa futhi, ulwazi olulandelayo luzokhishwa kumbobo ye-serial. Qaphela ukuthi izinga le-baud kufanele libekwe ku-115200.
Indlela 2: I-Arduino IDE Compilation
1.Landa ingobo yomlando ye-grbl_v1_1h.zip ku-Github (https://github.com/gnea/grbl).
2.Vula i-Arduino IDE, khetha Iphrojekthi -> Layisha Umtapo wezincwadi -> Engeza .ZIP Library, bese ukhetha iphakheji elicindezelwe elilandiwe.
3.Khetha Ifayela->Izibonelo->grbl->grblUpload
4.Chofoza inkinobho yokulayisha ukuze ulayishe, ifayela lokumisa liku-config.h, asikho isidingo sokulishintsha lapha, vele usebenzise ukumisa okuzenzakalelayo.
Isinyathelo 5. Ukuhlolwa kweFirmware
Ngemuva kokuthi i-firmware ilayishwe ngempumelelo, ungasetha i-firmware futhi uvule isofthiwe yekhompiyutha ye-GRBL ephethe i-CNCjs (i-CNCjs isetshenziswa lapha njengesofthiwe yokuhlola, enye isofthiwe yokulawula ye-GRBL isetshenziswa ngendlela efanayo, inhloso ukuthumela i-g-code noma imiyalelo yokusetha ku-arduino, ungabhekisela ekusebenziseni ukufunda).
5.1. Xhuma i-Arduino.
5.2. Ilungiselela i-firmware ye-GRBL.
Faka imiyalo elandelayo kukhonsoli:
$100 = 106.666 (x, isinyathelo/mm) //Setha isivinini se-X-eksisi.
$101 = 106.666 (y, isinyathelo/mm) //Setha isivinini se-eksisi ye-Y.
$130 = 36.000 (x ubuningi bohambo, mm) //Setha umkhawulo wohambo lwe-X-eksisi.
$131 = 36.000 (y ubuningi bohambo, mm) //Setha ukuhamba okuphezulu kwe-eksisi ye-Y.
5.3. Hlola i-firmware.
Sebenzisa inkinobho yokuhambisa engxenyeni ye-eksisi yokuxhumanisa ukuze uhlole ukuthi ukunyakaza kokunyakaza kulungile yini. Uma i-stroke yokunyakaza ingalungile, lungisa izinga lokunyakaza kwezimbazo ze-X ne-Y.
Sebenzisa i-[Laser Test] kanye ne-[Laser Off] ekuhlanganiseni kwe-laser ukuze uhlole ukuthi i-laser ingavulwa futhi ivalwe ngempumelelo yini (qiniseka ukuthi ugqoka izibuko ngaphambi kokuvula i-laser).
Isinyathelo 6. Isakhiwo sohlaka
Azikho ezinye izinto ezisetshenziswayo ekukhiqizeni lapha, futhi zonke zakhiwe kusetshenziswa ama-optical drive casings alahliwe, ngakho-ke ifreyimu yomshini wokufaka i-laser ayiyona inkimbinkimbi, futhi iglue encibilikayo eshisayo isetshenziswa ukuxhuma. Inqobo nje uma ukunyakaza okuguquguqukayo kwe-X-eksisi kanye ne-Y-eksisi kwenzeka.
Lungiselela usayizi ofanelekile wepuleti elisekelayo (ikesi le-optical drive lisetshenziswa lapha) bese unamathisele kusilayidi esingezansi, sebenzisa intambo yentambo ukuze ubophe ikhanda le-laser elihlanganiswe nesinki sokushisa kwesokunxele nakwesokudla esinyakazayo isilayidi, i-Y-axis lapha ishayela ipuleti elisekelayo liya phambili naphambili, i-axis X ishayela ikhanda le-laser ukuya kwesokunxele nakwesokudla.
Kuleli qophelo, zonke izingxenye zehadiwe zixhunyiwe. Uma kungenangozi, uhlelo lokuqopha nge-laser lungasebenza ngokujwayelekile.
Isinyathelo 7. Ukuqopha Nokulungisa iphutha
Ukuze uqophe, udinga kuphela ukulayisha ifayela lekhodi ye-G kusofthiwe yekhompyutha ephezulu (CNCjs) bese uchofoza ukuze uqalise. Ziningi izindlela zokwenza i-G-code, ungakwazi ukusesha uwedwa.
Bese kufika isikhathi esijabulisayo, ongaphrinta ngaso omunye umbhalo owuthandayo noma ihluzo okhunini, i-MDF, i-plywood, i-acrylic, ipulasitiki, nezinye izinto.
Izinto Zokucatshangelwa
1. Ngaphambi kokuthatha isinqumo sokuhamba, udinga ukucaca ukuthi amandla alo mshini wokuqopha nge-laser angaqopha kuphela i-acrylic, isikhumba, nama-chips amancane okhuni angabonisi ukukhanya okubomvu okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, okuluhlaza okotshani noma okumnyama. I-stroke ingu-37mmX37mm. Ingasetshenziselwa ukufunda nokuhlola kuphela, hhayi ukusetshenziselwa ukuthengisa.
2. Isho into ebalulekile izikhathi ezi-3: qiniseka ukuthi ugqoka izibuko ngaphambi kokuvula amandla e-laser, futhi ukhumbuze abantu abaseduze kwakho ukuthi banake ingozi yokuqoshwa kwe-laser nokusika.
3. Uma i-stepper motor ishisa kakhulu, kuyadingeka ukusebenzisa i-screwdriver ye-Phillips ukuze ujikeleze i-potentiometer kumshayeli we-A4988 ukuze unciphise ukusebenza kwamanje.
Ngemva kokufunda okuqukethwe ngenhla, ucabanga ukuthi kulula kakhulu ukwenza umqophi we-laser onjalo ngokwakho? Uma unentshisekelo kukho, shesha wenze futhi.
